PREPARATION OF SUSPECT MATERIAL

ALWAYS RETAIN SUFFICIENT SAMPLE OF SUSPECT MATERIAL FOR EVIDENTIAL ANALYSIS BY THE FORENSIC LABORATORY OR TOXICOLOGIST

Capsules. . . . . . . . Open the capsule, remove sufficient material for the test using a flat toothpick or other suitable device.
Compressed. . . . . Possibly hashish. Cut or scrape the block blocks/pieces to provide small flakes for testing.
Liquid, Oils. . . . . Spread on a nonporous surface, allow to dry. Scrape to provide material for testing.
Or... Absorb some on an uncolored, unscented tissue - allow to dry and use the tissue to test the unknown.
A single drop of oil suspected of being hash oil is sufficient.
Plant . . . . . . . . . . A pinch of dry, powdered plant material or 4-6 flakes of fresh plant material is sufficient.
Tablets. . . . . . . . . Crush tablet to a fine powder between a fold of paper, remove sufficient material for the test using a toothpick or other suitable device.

A great deal of effort has gone into the preparation of the charts and color comparisons; colors described or printed are relative.
Responses will be affected by purity and/or size of the sample, lighting conditions, temperature, how well the sample has been mixed with the reagent and a number of other factors. Only if the FULL TESTING SEQUENCE is followed, and common sense applied to reading color responses, will the results be conclusive.

DISPOSAL OF TEST UNITS

After color comparisons have been obtained and recorded, promptly dispose of the used test unit in a safe place. DO NOT STORE USED TEST UNITS! The contents of the used test may leak, resulting in damage to clothing or bodily injury. If no safe disposal place is immediately available, place the used test units in a poly bag or use no more than one-half teaspoon of neutralizer (part #910) for tests containing acid until such time as they can be safely discarded. DO NOT discard used #903 units with used units of #904, #907, or #908.
 

- a Review: Do's and Don'ts -

Do...

1. Use care in removing and replacing clips.
2. Be sure measuring device is clean.
3. Use correct amount of suspect material.
4. Hold the test unit away from your face when loading, breaking ampoules, and agitating.
5. Apply pressure at the liquid level to break ampoules.
6. Mix reagent and sample thoroughly.
7. Compare the colors in a well-lighted area. Observe the colors formed immediately to NO MORE THAN ONE MINUTE after breaking the last ampoule.
8. Dispose of used test units promptly and safely.
9. Store used test units in a poly bag or neutralize until disposed.
10.  Flush all spilled reagents with water.
11. Treat burns from spilled reagents as any other burn.
12. Dispose of used #903 test units promptly and in a separate container from #904, #907, or #908.

Don't...

1. Do Not crush the broken pieces of glass ampoule once broken. This will help avoid piercing the fingers and spilling reagent through a punctured pouch.
2. Do Not shake the test units up and down to mix, or hold your face over the unit when loading or agitating.
3. Do Not compare the colors in poor light such as under mercury or sodium vapor area lighting.
4. Do Not hold the unit in front of colored surfaces for comparison.
5. Do Not store used test units on person or in clothing.
6. Do Not dispose of test units where accessible to children.
7. Do Not ignore spilled reagents.
8. Do Not dispose of un-neutralized #903 with #904, #907 or #908.
9. Do Not place liquids directly into the pouch.
10.  Do Not remove ampoules from the pouch.
 

INDIVIDUAL TEST INSTRUCTIONS

PROCEDURE A for 1 ampoule tests (1, 2, 3, 6, & 26):
1. Remove the clip.
2. Place sample in the pouch.
3. Replace clip carefully.
4. Break the ampoule. Mix.
5. Observe color development.

PROCEDURE B for 2 ampoule tests (5, 9, 14, 24, 25, & 27):
1. Remove clip.
2. Place sample in pouch.
3. Replace clip carefully.
4. Break left (print facing you) ampoule. Mix well.
5. Observe any color formed.
6. Break the right ampoule and mix well.
7. Observe color.

PROCEDURE C for 3 ampoule tests (4, 7, 8, & 28):
1. Remove clip.
2. Place sample in pouch.
3. Replace clip carefully.
4. Break left (print facing you) ampoule. Mix well. Observe any color formed.
5. Break the center ampoule and mix well. Observe any color formed.
6. Break right ampoule, agitate for 2 to 3 seconds and hold the pouch steady.
7. Observe color.

Reagent 1 Mayer's Reagent (1 ampoule) A test for general narcotic compounds, and a suggested starting point for sequential testing (see the chart selector on the front side). (Use procedure A) The formation of a white to cream-colored gelatinous precipitate is indicative of the presence of one of the general narcotic compounds (or the amphetamines). Proceed to Test #2 (Marquis Reagent), a test for opiates. If no precipitate is formed, proceed to Test #5 (Dille-Koppanyi Reagent), a test for barbiturates.
CONTENTS: tri-iodo mercurate solution in water.
ANTIDOTE: Immediate dilution with water followed by INDUCED VOMITING using 2 tablespoons of syrup of ipecac. Seek medical advice.

Reagent 2 Marquis Reagent (1 ampoule) A test for opiates and amphetamine type compounds. (Use procedure A) Color responses: Violet to reddish-purple is indicative of the opiates. Proceed to Test #924 Mecke's for confirming heroin or #903 (nitric acid) to differentiate between heroin and morphine. An orange to red to brown sequence within 12 seconds may indicate the presence of an amphetamine. Brown may indicate demerol. Red may indicate the presence of mescaline. Black may indicate MDMA (Ecstasy).
CONTENTS: concentrated sulfuric acid with formaldehyde.
ANTIDOTE: Immediate dilution with water is recommended. DO NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical advice.

Reagent 3 Nitric acid (1 ampoule) This reagent is NOT a primary test. It is used to differentiate heroin from morphine and to confirm the identity of other suspected materials. (Use procedure A) Observe the color changes that take place. Colors: a. Yellow: heroin; b. Red to orange fading rapidly to yellow: morphine.
CONTENTS: concentrated nitric acid. Add one-half teaspoon of neutralizer #910 prior to disposal.
ANTIDOTE: Immediate dilution with water is recommended. DO NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical advice. Caution: nitric acid is very reactive with human tissue, avoid contact.

Reagent 4 Cocaine Salts and Base (3 ampoules) A test for cocaine HCl or cocaine base. (Use procedure C) Observe the color formation after breaking the left ampoule. Cocaine HCl and cocaine base will produce an immediate blue precipitate or blue flakes in a pink field. After breaking the middle ampoule the blue converts to pink. After breaking the right ampoule, agitate briefly and hold the pouch steady. The solution should be pink over blue if cocaine HCl or cocaine base is present.
CONTENTS: cobalt thiocyanate, chloroform, and HCl.
ANTIDOTE: Immediate dilution with water is recommended. DO NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical advice.

Reagent 5 Dille-Koppanyi Reagent (2 ampoules) A test for barbiturates. (Use procedure B) A purple or reddish-violet color indicates the presence of a barbiturate. A pale, blue color is a negative response.
CONTENTS: cobalt acetate in isopropanol and isopropanol-amine.
ANTIDOTE: Immediate dilution with water followed by INDUCED VOMITING using 2 tablespoons of syrup of ipecac. Seek medical advice.

Reagent 6 Mandelin Reagent (1 ampoule) A confirming test for amphetamines and a presumptive test for Methadone. (Use procedure A) Observe the color changes. Greenish-brown changing to olive-green is indicative of the presence of DL- or D-amphetamines, such as benzedrine, dexedrine, obsedrin, etc. Olive-green changing to grey-green is indicative of methedrine (speed). A brown color with a bluish tinge is indicative of an opiate. Dark blue indicates methadone.
CONTENTS: ammonium vanadate in concentrated sulfuric acid.
ANTIDOTE: Immediate dilution with water is recommended. DO NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical advice.

Reagent 7 Modified Ehrlich's Reagent (3 ampoules) A test for hallucinogens. Note: Since the active ingredient in hallucinogens may be present in very small quantities, a larger sample may be necessary to produce a color response that can be compared easily. (Use procedure C) Colors: A slowly-developing (30 - 60 seconds) purple color is indicative of the presence of LSD or other ergot alkaloids. Break the third ampoule and gently agitate. The color will intensify in the presence of LSD.
CONTENTS: concentrated hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and p-dimethylamino benzaldehyde.
ANTIDOTE: Immediate dilution with water is recommended. DO NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical advice.

Reagent 8 Duquenois-Levine Reagent (3 ampoules) A test for marijuana, hashish, hash oil, THC and residues of THC in smoking paraphernalia. Break left ampoule and agitate one minute (typically no color forms). Break middle ampoule, agitate, and allow blue-violet color to develop (DO NOT allow color to get too rich). Break right ampoule and agitate 5 seconds only. Hold pouch steady and allow colors to separate. Slate-grey upper level over a purple lower level is a positive for marijuana, hashish, hash oil, and THC. Plant material failing to give a positive response to Duquenois-Levine or KN below should be examined by a forensic laboratory since many drugs can be sprayed on plant material other than Marijuana (PCP on parsley for example).
CONTENTS: vanillin solution in alcohol, concentrated hydrochloric acid, and chloroform.
ANTIDOTE: Immediate dilution with water is recommended. DO NOT induce vomiting.

Reagent 9 KN Reagent (Fast Blue B Salt) (2 ampoules) A test for marijuana, hashish, hash oil, THC and residues of THC in smoking paraphernalia. (Use procedure B) Mix vigorously for AT LEAST 30 seconds. Allow reagents to separate (layer).
Observe the color in the bottom layer. Orange-red (reddish brown) to a very dark reddish brown is indicative of the presence of marijuana, hashish, THC and other cannabis products. Strong samples will produce a very dark red color.
ANY OTHER COLOR IN THE BOTTOM LAYER IS A NEGATIVE RESPONSE.
CONTENTS: Fast Blue B Salt in a chlorinated hydrocarbon and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
ANTIDOTE: Immediate dilution with water is recommended. DO NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical advice.

Reagent 14 Methaqualone, PCP Reagent (2 ampoules) This test is used to detect street levels concentrations of PCP and as a test for methaqualone (Quaalude). (Note: Other reagents in the sequential charts showing PCP reactions are for reasonably pure PCP, and will not react to "street" grades commonly found). (Use procedure B) Color should remain pink after breaking the left ampoule. Blue color forms with methaqualone or PCP after breaking the right ampoule. CONTENTS: aqueous solution of cobalt thiocyanate (left ampoule) and phosphoric acid (right ampoule).
ANTIDOTE: Dilute with milk or water. DO NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical advice.

Reagent 22 Opiates Reagent (2 ampoules) (Use procedure B) Agitate the first ampoule for 30 seconds. Various colors may be generated at this point but are insignificant. Break and agitate the right ampoule for 5 seconds, the solution turns purple in the presence of Heroin and Morphine, green with Codeine, light brown with Opium, immediate brown turning black with Darvon, yellow with Methadone, and is clear with Demerol. Contains corrosive acid.
ANTIDOTE: Dilute with milk or water. DO NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical advice.

Reagent 23 Sodium Nitroprusside for Methamphetamine (3 ampoules) (Use procedure C) Place a very small amount of suspect material into the pouch. An immediate dark blue color indicates the presence of methamphetamine. Note: a similar reaction occurs with "XTC" (MDMA). Distinquish in Marquis Reagent #2: "XTC" will form a purple/black color while meth is a rapid orange, to red, to brown within 12 seconds. A negative test (no meth present) is pink slowly turning to a reddish-brown color.
Protect from direct exposure to sunlight and temperatures over 130° F/ 55 ° C as this may destroy the active ingredient.
CONTENTS: Water, Sodium nitroprusside, Sodium carbonate.
ANTIDOTE: If swallowed, INDUCE VOMITING. Seek medical advice.

Reagent 24 Mecke's (Modified) Reagent A test for Heroin. (2 ampoules) (Use procedure B) After breaking left ampoule, agitate well for 30 seconds. Various colors may be generated at this point.* After breaking right ampoule, agitate for 5 seconds. Solution turns green in the presence of heroin. Add neutralizer #910 prior to disposal.
CAUTION! Contains Corrosive Acid (sulfuric acid in both ampoules). Keep out of the reach of children. Do Not Store after breaking ampoules. Do not hold close to the face when breaking ampoules or agitating. Promptly dispose.
ANTIDOTE: Immediate dilution with water. DO NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical advice.
 
*Note sole exception: A slowly developing purple (4-5 seconds) in the first ampoule may indicate MDMA ("XTC") going to a deep brown in the second ampoule.

Reagent 25 Valium®/Diazepam - Clonazepam/Rohypnol® "roofies" (2 ampoules) (Use procedure B). Solutions turns from pale violet to purple within sixty seconds.
CONTENTS: KOH in methanol and  m-dinitrobenzene in isopropanol.
ANTIDOTE: Immediate dilution with water. DO NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical advice.

Reagent 26 Talwin® Pentazocine® (Fröhdes reagent) (1 ampoule) (Use procedure A) Solution turns a bright blue instantly. Talwin is the registered trade name of Winthrop Laboratories. Confirm in Test #6, Talwin turns olive-green.
CONTENTS: ammonium molybdate in H2SO4.
ANTIDOTE: Immediate dilution with water. DO NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical advice.

Reagent 27 Ephedrine (Modified Chen's Reagent) (2 ampoules) (Use procedure B) No color is formed after the left ampoule is broken. Solution turns bright blue instantly on breaking the right ampoule. Note: The reagent itself when mixed is aqua-blue green.
CONTENTS: Copper sulfate in CH3COOH and NaOH.
ANTIDOTE: Immediate dilution with water. DO NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical advice.

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